新版旅游经济学课件

来源：www.xysxzl.com时间：2021-04-06 10:32

旅游经济学研究对象

The Economics of Travel and Tourism。

教学目的

新版旅游经济学课件

参考书目

1.旅游经济学,郑州大学出版社,田孝蓉。

2.旅游经济学,上海人民出版社,陶汉军,林南枝。

3.旅游经济学,南开大学出版社,罗明义。

4.旅游经济学,东北财经大学出版社,龙江智翻译。

5.旅游经济学—理论与发展,东北财经大学,厉新建,张辉。

考核方式：

开卷考试或半开半闭

平时成绩占30%,考试成绩占70%。

The Economics of Travel and Tourism。

Chapter 1 Introduction。

1. tourism

Tourism is neither a phenomenon nor a simple set of industries. It is a human activity, which encompasses human behavior, use of resources, and interaction with other people, economies and environments.。

It also involves physical movement of tourists to locales other than their normal living places. Although most tourism around the world is a form of recreation, thus implying use of an individual’s discretionary time, some tourism is inevitably linked with obligations, such as business or health requirements.。

The definition。

旅游是游览为目的的旅行,是人们出于各种个人或社会动机,离开居住地区到另一个地区或另一个国家旅行游览一段时间,然后返回原住地的整个活动过程。

Though there are different definitions about tourism, it is generally agreed。

that travel and tourism includes.。

（1）tourist needs and motivations。

（2）tourism selection behavior and constraints。

（3）travel away from home。

（4）market interactions between tourists and those supplying products to satisfy tourist needs。

（5）impacts on tourists, hosts, economies and environments。

economics plays a role in many of these areas, particularly where there is a need to analyze market forces relation demand by tourists to supply of ‘products’, and in analyzing economic impacts and measures to control tourism’s effects.。

It is also important to interrelate economics with the sociology, psychology and geography of tourism on the one hand; on the other hand, economics plays a role in planning, management and marketing in travel and tourism organization and destination.。

2. the tourism industry。

Products and services are parts of tourist requirements, and tourism industry encompasses a whole mass of organizations, majority of which are likely to be involved in passenger carriage, accommodation and amenities or attractions.。

In addition, however, there are specific and supporting organizations, s。

uch as tourist information centers, souvenir manufacturers and retailers, or brochure distribution companies.。

Because of this complex range, it is useful to attempt to classify the industry into sectors. One such classification produces:。

（1）carriers—in any form of transport for tourist travel。

（2）accommodation。

（3）man-made attractions—which could also include the managed areas of natural attractions。

（4）private sector support services。

（5）public sector support services。

（6）middlemen—such as tour wholesalers and travel agents .。

3 tourism product。

By their nature, the majority of organizations in travel and tourism are concerned primarily with their own individual product, and probably at best with the marketplace represented within their sector. When asked what their ‘product’ is, most hoteliers will reply ‘accommodation’, most agents ‘travel services’, and so on.。

3 tourism product。

Thus, in their view, whilst admitting to being within the travel and tourism industry, most will not claim to be supplying a product called tourism. Indeed, some businesses- such as restaurants in tourist areas- may be selling principal。

ly to tourists, so are part of the tourism industry, whereas others supplying a similar physical product, but to non-tourists- such as restaurants in city business districts- are not really part of the tourism industry.。

This immediately creates a problem in any economic analysis of the field, in that the products felt to be supplied by members of the industry are not necessarily the same as those products perceived to be in demand by consumers. Tourists on the whole are likely to have a more global concept of the travel and tourism product which they are buying than are individual suppliers.。

从旅游市场角度from the view of tourism market。

旅游产品是指旅游者和旅游经营者在市场上交换的、主要用于旅游活动中所消费的各种物质产品和服务的总和。

3 tourism product。

从旅游需求方面看from the tourism demands。

旅游产品是旅游者花费一定时间、费用和精力所获得的一段旅游经历和感受,它包括从旅游者离开常住地开始到达目的地旅游、再到旅游结束回到常住地的全部过程中所接触的各种实物和所接受的各种服务的整个经历和感受。

3 tourism product。

For example, one tourist may really wish to purchase the chance to sit on a sunny beach for a week, to obtain the end benefits of total relaxation, restored well-being and a good suntan.。

Another simply demands the opportunity for a fac。

e-to-face business meeting in order to close a sales contract for his or her company. In neither case are these tourists really seeking to buy tradeable products, but rather a dream, total experience, activity or business opportunity.。

3 tourism product。

从旅游供给者方面from the view of tourism suppliers。

是指旅游经营者凭借一定旅游资源、旅游设施和其他媒体,向旅游者提供并能满足其在旅游活动中所需要的各种产品和服务的总和。

4.The economics of travel and tourism。

4.1 the definition。

旅游经济学作为一门交叉学科,是研究旅游经济活动的运行及其运行过程中所产生的经济现象、经济关系和经济规律的科学。

4.The economics of travel and tourism。

4.2 the objects which we study in the economics of travel and tourism。

1.旅游经济活动所反映的经济关系the economic relations which activities of tourism economics reflect。

（1）the economic relations between tourists and travel agencies。

（2）the economic relations between tourism corporations。

（3）the economic relations between tourists and residents。